In this paper, the approximate distribution of axial stress σ and shear stress τ between anchor solid and hole wall are obtained by means of the Kelvin problem displacement solution according to the coordinated deformation of anchor solid and rock mass in anchor hole. The results show that σ and τ in rock mass are concentrated near the stress point and the stress transfer length is only tens of cm. The concentration of σ and τ in soil is much smaller than that of rock mass, and the stress transfer length is greater than 20m. In this paper, the steel beam is used to replace the cement core column as the anchor solid body in soft soil, so that the two controlling stresses σ and τ concerned by the pressure type prestressed anchor cable are reduced by one, and only the shear stress τ is left. Because the steel beam is used as the anchor solid body, the shear stress τ peak value is greatly reduced and the force transmission length is greatly increased. It is pointed out that the use of pressure dispersion structure in soil is of little significance, and the use of hole bottom reaming can get satisfactory results. According to the results of this paper, replacing the cement core column with a section of steel pipe at the bottom of the pressure-type prestressed anchor hole in rock mass can cause the shear stress τ to disperse locally, and can replace the existing pressure-type structure under certain conditions.