The application of high-strength concrete is a remarkable topic in the field of bridge engineering. This paper introduces the optimization results of section form and dimension, structural ductility detailing measures of bridge deck hollow slab beams after adopting high-strength concrete and high-quality steel strands with high uniform elongation, as well as the technical and economic benefits obtained. The failure test of the 16m-span prototype test slab verifies that all structural mechanical performance indicators meet the design requirements. Thus, an efficient prestressed high-strength concrete hollow slab beam with novel section and excellent economic benefits is obtained. The research results can be extended to other bridge structures.