Prefabricated assembly construction has become a trend in urban bridge construction. However, urban wide bridges with high traffic demand usually have a large number of lower structure bent caps. The length of the bent caps is often greater than 25 m, and the weight is usually more than 300 t. The transportation conditions of the overall prefabricated bent caps are limited by roads, and the overall lifting tonnage is too large. The precast assembly technology of bent caps has been widely valued and developed rapidly. In this paper, the prefabricated assembly technology for bent caps is classified, and typical engineering cases are introduced. The performance research status of prefabricated bent caps is summarized, as are the existing shortcomings and improvement directions of prefabricated bent cap assembly technology