With the continuous progress of national construction, the number of railway overpass bridges and river-crossing bridges has been increasing. For composite structure bridges, the steel structure components are often thin-walled, which imposes limitations on their load-bearing capacity. The control of structural stress and linearity during the construction process becomes challenging. To meet the requirements of rapid, safe, reliable, and high-quality construction, the incremental launching method is an effective construction technique. Taking the incremental launching method for the construction of the viaduct in Section 5 of the Kunming-Nan Connection Line Expressway as a background, this study focuses on the detailed design and research of the control scheme and control process during construction. A set of balance control strategies is developed to solve the construction challenges caused by uneven loading, axis deviation, and curved bottom beams. These strategies provide assurance for the smooth progress of bridge construction. The application of these strategies in engineering projects is also discussed.