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无粘结锚索的应用和对其永久性的担忧
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(总参工程兵科研三所,洛阳 471023)

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刘玉堂

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TU378.01

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The application of unbonded anchor cables and concerns about their permanence
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(The Third Engineering Research Institute of the People's Liberation Army General Staff Department,Luoyang 471023)

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    摘要:

    上世纪80年代初,锚索加固工程要求安装观测锚索,大变形岩体的加固要用无粘结锚索,工程需要催生了国内的无粘结锚索。当时还没有无粘结钢绞线,只能用光面钢绞线自制,因此,无粘结锚索很不规范。90年代初国内水电建设引进了无粘结锚索的规范结构和施工工艺,并迅速得到推广。然而,在工程应用中过于简化,把双层隔离层改为单层,把充满并可随时补充防锈油脂的防护帽用混凝土或水泥砂浆替代,永久性难以保证,给工程的安全埋下隐患。无粘结锚索的钢绞线不与围岩粘结,锚索对岩体的加固完全依赖其拉力,锚索的拉力又仅仅依靠夹片对钢绞线的夹持力,在上百年的高应力作用下,夹片及其夹持的那段钢绞线产生了徐变和锈蚀,必将减小锚索对岩体的支护力。在用无粘结锚索加固的公路边坡中,因雨水冲动格构下的风化石和泥土,锚索失去了拉力,边坡缺少支护力而失事的工程已不止一例

    Abstract:

    In the early 1980s, anchor cable reinforcement engineering required the installation of observation anchor cables, and the reinforcement of large deformation rock masses required the use of unbonded anchor cables. The engineering needs led to the emergence of unbonded anchor cables in China. At that time, there was no unbonded steel strand, and only smooth steel strands could be used for self-made production. Therefore, unbonded anchor cables were very non-standard. In the early 1990s, the standardized structure and construction technology of unbonded anchor cables were introduced into domestic hydropower construction, and were quickly promoted. However, in engineering applications, it is too simplistic to replace the double layer isolation layer with a single layer, and to replace the protective cap filled with anti rust grease with concrete or cement mortar at any time, which is difficult to ensure its permanence and poses a hidden danger to the safety of the project. The steel strand of the unbonded anchor cable is not bonded to the surrounding rock, and the reinforcement of the anchor cable to the rock depends entirely on its tensile force. The tensile force of the anchor cable only depends on the clamping force of the clip on the steel strand. Under the high stress action of hundreds of years, the clip and the section of steel strand it holds produce creep and corrosion, which will inevitably reduce the support force of the anchor cable to the rock. In the reinforcement of highway slopes with unbonded anchor cables, there has been more than one project that has failed due to the impact of rainwater on wind fossils and soil under the grid structure, causing the anchor cables to lose tension and the slope to lack support force

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引用本文

Liu Yutang The application of unbonded anchor cables and concerns about their permanence. Prestress Technology 2010,14(06):39-42. 10.59238/j. pt.2010.06.005

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  • 在线发布日期: 2023-08-08
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