Numerical calculation in the process of subway monitoring is an important link in the monitoring and measurement technology, which directly affects the quality and reliability of the monitoring results. This paper synthesizes the situation of tunnel construction monitoring in some areas, and comprehensively introduces the calculation methods and principles of tunnel displacement allocation, commonly observed physical quantities, monitoring of adjacent underground pipelines, and monitoring of differential settlement of ground buildings in the process of tunnel engineering monitoring, which can be used as a reference for the counterparts.